Textual Prototyping

What are Textual Prototype? 
         Are the structural features of the texts that define a text as such. Each prototype has a specific textual language and particular external and internal structures.

  External Features: 
         Are those that are easily visible without reading the text and refers to the distribution of content and presentation scheme.

  Internal Features: 
         Are those features seen reading a text such as objectivity, subjectivity, textual marks, textual discursive modes and prototypes.

Properties Editor: 
Appropriateness: Is the use of language appropriate to address the recipient of the message. And is implicit communicative intention that the recipient further understand.
     
Consistency: The logical relationship of ideas within a writing. Any text, regardless of extension, you must have an order and a thread that gives meaning to the statements as a whole accurately understand.
Consistency requires that each paragraph develops an issue: expose from the first sentence and enrich it with subsequent sentences. Then the same will happen with the following paragraphs. If this meets no meaning, structure and unity. You can structure the text following criteria of time, place or progression of the subject or object of study.

Cohesion: Cohesion allows linking between the parties to the subject to develop a writing. This concept refers to the use of certain grammatical links or links that allow the expression more understandable. The morphology provides these valuable grammatical elements that are prepositions, conjunctions, and other utterances, which serve to connect and relate the rest of the words (nouns, adjectives, verbs ...).
To relate worded phrases link there are different procedures, as phraseological links "ie", "rather", "however" among others.
The semantic links, the words of the same semantic field, also give cohesion; for example: "the frog is an amphibian, like the salamander and frog" or "Yadira is fashionable in all aspects, not just footwear, both in clothing, fabric ornaments, jewelry ... "
Ellipsis is also a method of textual cohesion; used when certain elements of prayer that are easily understood, for example are omitted: "You will travel by plane and bus." We avoid writing unnecessary parts: "You you traveled by plane and I travel by bus." Another example: "Rodolfo has visited the same museum Karla (was)". The included in the brackets is unnecessary.
The so-called connectors or discourse connectives are used to establish logical relationships between sentences of the text. They are a kind of indicator to anticipate the direction in which the writer formulated the following idea in the paragraph.

          Brevity, Simplicity and Clarity: If a text adheres to the properties studied drafting and it is more likely that any reader understands. Still, some experts also require other qualities that purify the presentation of written and refer to brevity, simplicity and clarity.
Brevity: Is the size of the text as a whole and the grace to say in a few words a message.
Simplicity: We use direct language without affectation or long and complicated sentences. Otherwise you can build something false, unoriginal and even ridiculous.
Clarity: It is a consequence of the previous two, but includes another element to expose the complete picture for a full understanding of text.
  Achieving brevity, simplicity and clarity does not mean that one paragraph runs everything means. Instead, you can keep those qualities no matter how many pages you write about a topic.

Textual Prototypes and their characteristics:

Narrative: The narrative is intended to relate something bounded by time and space where events arise. It uses verbs and nouns to build the detailed story: what happens, happens and who it happens. 

As a form of linguistic expression is easy to locate the narrative in a news story in the memoirs of an author, the recreation of an era, the review of an activity, the semblance of a travel and other situations. 

Required to narrate the facts first observe, choose the moments that seem more important or worthy of being counted and, finally, as a prerequisite of writing, give them an order. For more excitement to reflect the author can not neglect the practice of ordering events, to give them a string.

The elements containing an essay are:

Narrator: who tells the story, someone may be real or imaginary and relates what happened in the first person, if someone who lived the events directly, or third, if you only have what you have seen and heard as a witness.
Event: Made as such is perhaps the most important factor; it originates on the action, the characters, the pace of the story (pauses, intensity, development, etc.)
Characters: Are the participants of the story.
Atmosphere: The place where events happen and the circumstances surrounding them.
Time: Indicates when events happen.
Narration: For a text really is a story, do not forget you're telling a complete story: an introduction is made, involving one or more characters, a set of circumstances arises, the action unfolds and comes to an end or outcome . The narrative can be purely informative,
To make your text really is a story, do not forget you're telling a complete story: an introduction is made, involving one or more characters, a set of circumstances arises, the action unfolds and comes to an end or outcome. The narrative can be purely informative, as in journalism. But the most common is the literary narrative with dyes, which is divided into:
Subjective: Who all has one of the characters in the story.
Objective: The narrator merely be an observer and report the incident.
Historical: The spot refers to a past event.
Realistic: It faithfully adheres to reality, although resting force of language.
Fantastic: Refers to torches which hardly occur in reality.
Science fiction: Means torches that could occur in the future.

DESCRIPTION: Describe in detail is to capture the characteristics of a place, a place or an object. A description made ​​with words. This prototype uses mainly textual adjective, used to describe, identify qualities define features and other functions.
It should reflect the most significant data of the observer and be written with a semantic level and language appropriate to the context.
Some types of description are:
Prosopography: physical description of a person.
Etopeya: moral description.
Portrait: description that links the two.
Topography: Description of a place.
Chronography: Description refers to what happened at a certain time.
Describe involves the use of various expressive resources, including the main adjectives element; enumeration to complete and enhance the perspective described. It is also valid to attribute the personification of certain objects and animals human beings own qualities. Comparison and metaphor to beautify san dark sides, exaggeration to refine some irrelevant features.
The description as the prototype helps you enhance your language, because it gives you the opportunity to use many different words. It is also a prototype that combines well with the narrative; in fact are often found together.

Expocision:The texts belonging to the exhibition are informative and handle concrete concepts. No person assessment; Just in case deprives the technical description, the parts of a concept or enumeration of identifiable elements in a scientific phenomenon.
The purpose of this prototype is presented in textual clear, orderly and systematic systematic facts and the facts and ideas form. This form is directed only to the intellect of the people, so the language is direct, without affectation. You can not acudirse metaphors, allegories and other literary figures. The main objective is to inform.

ARGUMENT: The argument is the set of arguments that lead to gain acceptance or rejection of a thesis proposal. Its central purpose is to convince, persuade the best sense of the term so that the reader take an idea, opinion or follow a course of action.
It is not to cajole or take roll.
Scholars agree that the argument is addressed to the intellect of the people; however, the dynamics involves convincing, must be appealed to the emotions. Processing structure is a bit more complex: one starts with a central idea and then the arguments to defend it; some evidence to support it and even who should be anticipated with drawn against arguments for a possible refutation who disagree are exposed.

Worth noting that the argument requires more intellectual development and knowledge of the subject on which it is written. The development of this prototype is helped by almost all word classes: verbs, nouns and adjectives. On the strength of the arguments set forth ideas and verbal resources are strengthened. In daily life you may find that this form takes editorials in the Review, literary criticism and essays.
Topics to be addressed are varied: political, social development, education, health, religion, freedom, today's youth, responsibility, morality and endless slopes on these branches. The need to understand a subject to present clear, simple and concise reviews is stressed. The argument is the responsibility of each author, which acquires prestige if from this form of speech does express a strong cultural background and speak properly.

Dialogue: The dialogue can be part of any writing, and their form is also considered a textual prototype. Dialogue is a conversation between two or more persons, which expose their arguments and views alternately. Gives rise to debate, to the exposition of ideas, the defense arguments, and can oppose opinions or promote a settlement.
There are talks that lead merely to exchange data or expressions.
In literary writings, it is common to find the dialogue to support the actions of the characters voice.

Made by: Cruz Jr. Daniel & Hernández Martínez Jazibe
Group: 138